DeepSeek, the AI chatbot from China, is making waves in the tech industry and is being hailed as a viable competitor to OpenAI’s ChatGPT at a fraction of the cost. The latest model, DeepSeek V3, has been trained on a cluster of 2,048 Nvidia H800 GPUs, raising questions about how it would perform on AMD’s Instinct accelerators. One of the key factors contributing to DeepSeek’s success is the innovative DualPipe approach, described as an on-GPU virtual DPU that enhances bandwidth efficiency. This cutting-edge technology allows for more efficient pipeline parallelism, reducing latency, optimizing data movement across GPUs, and ensuring optimal communication management to prevent bottlenecks as the model scales. The developers’ clever use of DualPipe, which essentially creates a virtual DPU on the GPU, has significantly enhanced data transfer efficiency, showcasing DeepSeek’s commitment to pushing the boundaries of AI technology.